A highly infectious type of avian influenza, commonly known as bird flu, is spreading rapidly across the U.S. The virus, which was previously limited to wild birds and domestic poultry, has now been detected in cats and dogs across 31 states. This raises significant concerns for both animal health and potential human exposure, especially among pet owners. Here's what you need to know.
Bird Flu Spreads Across 31 States
Bird flu, officially known as H5N1, has spread to a variety of animals in 31 states, including wild animals such as mice, foxes, mountain lions, and even alpacas. The virus has also affected dairy cows, with over 90 herds infected in recent months. Despite initial assurances from experts that the virus would not affect dairy products, the rapid spread among dairy cows has caused widespread concern.
The virus has also caused collateral harm in poultry and other livestock, and has been found in three farm workers exposed to the disease. However, the most alarming development is the spread of bird flu to domestic cats and dogs.
Bird Flu Detected in Cats and Dogs
Since March 1, nearly 21 domestic cats in nine states have contracted bird flu. Feral, barn, and pet cats have all tested positive for the virus. While fewer cases have been reported in dogs, the risk remains significant. Kristen Coleman, a researcher at the University of Maryland, noted that domestic cats are highly susceptible to H5N1, which can result in severe illness and often death.
Symptoms of Bird Flu in Pets
Cats with the virus typically show signs of fever, reduced appetite, and respiratory issues such as a runny nose, difficulty breathing, and pneumonia. Neurological symptoms, including rigidity, shaking, and seizures, are also common. While cases in dogs are rarer, similar symptoms can be observed.
Risk of Bird Flu Spreading to Humans
The risk of humans contracting bird flu from their pets is very low, according to the CDC. However, the virus can potentially be transmitted through a cat's saliva, feces, or other body fluids. Dr. Johnson, an expert in the field, stated that while there is currently no evidence that cats are contributing to the spread of the virus on dairy farms, the situation remains under close observation.